由2010年高考英语谈阅读理解主旨大意题
来源：《英语周报》
发布时间：2011-04-13 10:37:00
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内容提要：通过研究2010年各省市高考英语试题，笔者发现阅读理解部分的考查题型集中表现为对主旨大意、推理判断、细节理解、词义猜测等题型的考查，下面笔者专门就解题技巧性较强的主旨大意题型做一分析与归纳。
4. 无明显主题句，但有高频信息词
(2010 安徽卷，E 篇)
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture, Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself ,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered .Where valleys(山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water
engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation （灌溉）water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.
75. The text is mainly about ___.
A. water supply and increasing population
B. water use management and agriculture
C. water redistribution and wildlife protection
D. water shortages and environ-mental protection
【答案】B 【点拨】
主题型主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了世界可用淡水资源的匮乏及对农业的影响。文章的前面部分主要是讲述农业在利用水资源过程中存在的一些问题，后面接下来是介绍加强水资源管理的方法和措施。文中多次出现的信息词（见划线部分）有院agriculture，man-agement，agricultural，overuse of irriga-tion water，water use，managed 等，在四个选项中，只有选项B的内容与文章主题最为接近，并且含有高频信息词，故选B项。
5. 没有明显的主题句和高频词，要根据全文来总结主旨大意
（2010 四川卷，C 篇）
Alex London Research Laboratory(ALRL) is part of Alex Co., Ltd., a major Australian medicine-making company.Opened in 1992, ALRL specialises in
the development of new medicines for the treatment of heart diseases.
A position is now open for a Re search Operations Manager (ROM) to
support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield，due to open in the autumn of 2010.
Reporting to the Director，you will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services of our new laboratories now under construction You will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRL’S Health and Safety，and to communicate (沟通) with support employees at ALRL’S laboratories based at University College London Working closely with scientists and other opera-tions and technical employees, you will manage a small number of research support employees providing services to help with the research activities to be carried out at the new laboratories.
Candidates(申请人) will have ex-perience of both management and re-search support / technical services Knowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are nec-essary. Education to degree level is also desirable.
If you are interested in this posi-tion，please send your CV(简历) to Alex London Research Laboratory, University College London, Hatfield, London, W1E 6B7 or by email to ALRL@alex.co.uk.
For more Information.please visit www.alex.co.uk.
51.What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The technical skills of a would-be ROM.
B.The practical experience of a would-be ROM.
C.The personal information of a would-be ROM.
D.The necessary requirements for a would-be ROM.
【答案】D 【点拨】
主题型主旨大意题。依据第四段提供的信息院申请人要有管理和技术服务方面的经验、研究操作的知识及极好的交际技能等，由此得出本段主要谈及对应聘职位者的具体能力要求。
52.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To describe the job of a ROM.
B.To provide information about ALRL.
C.To announce an open position at ALRL.
D.To make known the opening ofthe new laboratories.
【答案】C 【点拨】