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have sth to do还是have sth to be done


来源:高中英语教学交流
发布时间:2012-11-26 10:25:00
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内容提要:have sth to do/have sth done/have sb(sth) do/have sb(sth) doing 这些结构在英语中很容易混淆。

have sth to do/have sth done/have sbsth do/have sbsth doing 这些结构在英语中很容易混淆。下面我们从例句中来分辨它们。

I have a lot of homework to do. --->我有很多作业要做。

--->have最基本的意思:“有”

换一种说法:I will have my homework done. --->我要让作业被完成。

--->have在这里称作“使役动词”即“使,让”的意思

have sth done/ have sbsth do/ have sbsth doing 三个结构中have都是使役动词。

have sth donesth 与其后动词构成被动关系,让...被做

I'll have these letters typed. 我需要有人打印一下这些信件(被别人)

She is having her eyes tested. 她正在让人给眼睛验光。

have sth/sb doingsth 与其后动词是主动关系,并保持做某事的状态,让...一直做...

He had had me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。

Don't have the horse running all the time. 不要让马儿跑个不停。

have sb do sth make/let sb do 即让某人做...

I won't have him cheat me . 我不会让他欺骗我。

EXAMPLES

1They decided to have the old house rebuilt.

2have sth done 这个结构还常表示“遭到某种(不幸的)情况。”

He had his leg hurt in the accident.Tom had his hands burned.

Un fortunately I had my purse stolen in the street.

3have sth done 这个结构有时还可以表示“玩成某事”的意思,此时的have表示完成。

I won't have anything said against him.我不允许任何人说反对他的话。

备注:have+名词+done中地have 往往可以用get替换,意义不变。

I can get the car started.He got his wrist broken.

〔精练〕用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1A computer does only what thinking people have it ____(do).

2Who did you have____(paint the wall yesterday

3I'm sorry I can't help you because I have a lot of letters_____(answer).

4 The villagers are going to have a new bridge _____(buildover the river

5Who had the candle______(burn throughout the whole night

6 What have they had______(do to stop the pollution from the chemical works

7.  Who had the teacher had _________ clean the blackboard?

KEYS:

1.do    2. painted    3. to answer    4.built    5.burning    6.done     7.clean

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