I have a lot of homework to do. --->我有很多作业要做。
--->have最基本的意思:“有”
换一种说法:I will have my homework done. --->我要让作业被完成。
--->have在这里称作“使役动词”即“使,让”的意思
have sth done/ have sb(sth) do/ have sb(sth) doing 三个结构中have都是使役动词。
have sth done中sth 与其后动词构成被动关系,让...被做
I'll have these letters typed. 我需要有人打印一下这些信件(被别人)
She is having her eyes tested. 她正在让人给眼睛验光。
have sth/sb doing中sth 与其后动词是主动关系,并保持做某事的状态,让...一直做...
He had had me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。
Don't have the horse running all the time. 不要让马儿跑个不停。
have sb do sth =make/let sb do 即让某人做...
I won't have him cheat me . 我不会让他欺骗我。
EXAMPLES:
1)They decided to have the old house rebuilt.
2)have sth done 这个结构还常表示“遭到某种(不幸的)情况。”
He had his leg hurt in the accident.Tom had his hands burned.
Un fortunately I had my purse stolen in the street.
3)have sth done 这个结构有时还可以表示“玩成某事”的意思,此时的have表示完成。
I won't have anything said against him.我不允许任何人说反对他的话。
备注:have+名词+done中地have 往往可以用get替换,意义不变。
I can get the car started.He got his wrist broken.
〔精练〕用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.A computer does only what thinking people have it ____(do).
2.Who did you have____(paint) the wall yesterday?
3.I'm sorry I can't help you because I have a lot of letters_____(answer).
4. The villagers are going to have a new bridge _____(build)over the river.
5.Who had the candle______(burn) throughout the whole night?
6. What have they had______(do) to stop the pollution from the chemical works?
7. Who had the teacher had _________ (clean) the blackboard?
KEYS:
1.do 2. painted 3. to answer 4.built 5.burning 6.done 7.clean