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分词的学习与高考解题技巧

来源：高中英语教学交流网
发布时间：2014-10-10 23:01:00
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    (二)状语可转换为状语从句

    现在分词和过去分词可以在句子中充当时间、条件、原因、结果、伴随、让步、伴随等状语，利用转换法将状语改为相应的状语从句。

    1．When______different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．(2005年浙江)

    A．compared   B．being compared   C．comparing   D．having compared

    【分析】本题考查现在分词作时间状语，可将原句子改为：“When we compare difierent cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．”选择C选项。

    2.______ with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all．(2004年湖北)

A．Compare   B.When comparing   C．Comparing   D．When compared

    【分析】本题考查过去分词作时间状语，可以将原句子改为：“When the biggest ocean is compared with size of the whole earth, it doesn’t seem big at all.”选择D选项。

    【点评】比较第1和第2两个小题，同样选项中出现分词，而答案为什么一个是现在分词而另一个是过去分词呢?解题的关键是分析从句的主语，抓住这一点答案就迎而解。第1小题主语是我们(we)，与动词(compare)在逻辑上存在主谓关系，分词用主动；第2小题的主语是海洋(ocean)，与动词(compare)在逻辑上存在动宾关系，故分词用被动。

    3．All factors_____into account，John was the best candidate to work there.

    A．taking   B．taken   C．to take   D．took

    【分析】本题考查过去分词作条件状语。根据题意原句可转换为：“If all factors were taken into account”。选择B选项。

    【点评】过去分词作状语一般可以将句子转换为由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句。

    4．_______for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits．(2006年福建)

    A．Blaming   B．Blamed   C．To blame   D．To be blamed

    【分析】本题考查过去分词作原因状语。根据题意可以将原句转换为：“As Alice was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer,she was in low spirits．”选择B选项。

    【点评】原因状语一般可以将分词转换为以从属连词as为连结词的原因状语。

    5．Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,______ a record ＄ 57．65 a barrel on April 4．(2005年山东)

    A．having reached   B．reaching   C．to reach   D．to be reaching

    【分析】本题考查现在分词作结果状语。根据题意原句町以转换为：“Oil prices have risen by 32 per cent since the start of the year and it reached a record ＄ 57．65 a barrel on April 4．”另外，本题还可以转换为定语从句：“…by 32 per cent, since the start of the year,which reached a record ＄ 57．65 a barrel on April 4．”选择B选项。

    【点评】结果状语从句一般可以转换为并列句或简单句。

    6. He spent the whole day，in his study__________for a speech.

     A. locking；prepared   B．locking；preparing   C．locked；prepared   D. locked；preparing

    【分析】本题考查分词作伴随状语。根据题意原句可以转换为；“He spent the whole day, locked himself and prepared for a speech．”选择D选项。

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