解析2021全国英语高考甲卷阅读理解D

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发布时间：2023-05-05 11:00:00
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内容提要：2021 高考英语全国甲卷阅读D篇

真题呈现

Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.

Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius,His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it thatsome people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?

In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most often white men.of European origin .Perhaps this is not a surprise. I's said that history is written by the victors,and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club --- women,or people of a different color or belief ---they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.

A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six,girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别） are "really, really smart" Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really,really smart.”Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up?It doesn't take a genius to know the answer:absolutely not.

Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look,the more we will see that social factors(因素）like gender,race,and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力）, and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world.”

12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?

A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.

C. They're objective. D. They're strict.

13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?

A. They think themselves smart.

B. They look up to great thinkers.

C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.

D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.

14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?

A. Improved global communication.

B. Less discrimination against women.

C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.

D. Changes in people's social positions.

15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Geniuses Think Alike

B. Genius Takes Many Forms

C. Genius and Intelligence

D. Genius and Luck

参考答案

12-15 ADAB

答案解析

本文是议论文。文章探讨了什么是天才，天才的评价标准，分析了天才的评价标准不公平以及对女孩们的影响，呼吁世界需要“能改变世界的天才来自那些拥有“智慧、创造力和毅力”和带有一点点好运的人。”

12.推理判断题。题意为：作者如何看待胜利者加入天才俱乐部的标准？根据题干可以定位到第三段。第三段表明了天才的设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。

13.推理判断题。题意为：我们可以从《科学》杂志的研究中推断出女孩的哪些方面？从选项的宏观分析可知，此题是对女孩的细节认识。相关信息在第四段呈现。选项A观点与原文相反。选项B和C则是无中生有。选项D对应文句“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。

14.细节理解题。题意为：为什么更多的天才被公众所认识？根据最后一段的第一句可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。

15.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容和脉络结构可知，文章探讨了什么是天才，天才的评价标准，分析了天才的评价标准不公平以及对女孩们的影响，呼吁世界需要“能改变世界的天才来自那些拥有“智慧、创造力和毅力”和带有一点点好运的人。”文章的核心词为天才的评价标准，这与选项B相符。故选B.

参考译文

谁是天才？几个世纪以来，这个问题一直引起人类极大的兴趣。

明确地说：爱因斯坦是个天才。他的脸几乎是天才的国际象征。但我们想透过一个人，探索天才自身的本质。为什么会这样有些人比其他人更聪明或更有创造力呢？他们到底是谁？

在科学和艺术领域，被誉为天才的往往是拥有欧洲血统的白人。也许这并不奇怪，历史是由胜利者书写的，这些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部外的天才们——女性，或其他肤色或信仰不同的人——做出贡献时，他们没有得到别人的承认且会被拒绝。

《科学》杂志最近发表的一项研究发现，在6岁时，女孩说自己的性别成员优秀的要比男孩少。更糟糕的是，研究发现发现，女孩们在六岁左右，她们开始避免那些被称为“非常非常聪明”的孩子从事的活动。我们的星球能承受得起任何伟大思想家的气馁和放弃吗？不需要多聪明就能知道答案：绝对不是。

好消息是，在这样一个不全球化交流的网络世界，我们随时随地可以看见天才的出现。我们看得越多，就越来越发现诸如社会因素像性别、种族和阶级并不能制约天才的外表。正如一位作家所说，未来的能改变世界的天才来自那些拥有“智慧、创造力和毅力”和带有一点点好运的人。