有关非谓语动词的重要考点
来源：高中英语教学交流
发布时间：2010-06-14 09:39:00
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内容提要：一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别
从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也
四、考查非谓语动词用作伴随状语
在通常情况下，表伴随情况的应用现在分词。如：
1. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _________away. (全国卷III)
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
【分析】答案选B。现在分词作伴随状语。
2. He glanced over at her, _________ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (广东卷)
A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
【分析】答案选 A。因为he与note是主谓关系，且note与谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作伴随状语。
3. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _________fun. (重庆卷)
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
【分析】答案选 D。用现在分词表伴随情况。
说明：有时过去分词也可表伴随(注意过去分词同时还表被动关系)，但高考很少考查此用法。如：
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。
五、考查非谓语动词用作目的状语
在通常情况下，用作目的状语只能是不定式。如：
1. “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, _________it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.” (福建卷)
A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get
【分析】答案选 B。作目的状语只能用动词不定式。
2. _________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. (浙江卷)
A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out
【分析】答案选 A。作目的状语要用动词不定式。
3. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _________a look at the sports stars. (上海卷)
A. had B. having C. to have D. have
【分析】答案选 C。“看看体育明星”是“在体育馆外等三个小时”的目的，作目的状语只能用动词不定式。
六、考查非谓语动词用作结果状语
1. 用现在分词表结果。如：
He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。
Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _________a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (山东卷)
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
【分析】答案选B。伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。
2. 用不定式表结果。如：
He returned home to find his wife waiting for him. 他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。
He hurried to the station only _________ that the train had left. (广东卷)
A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
【分析】答案选 A。因为only to do是习语，意为“结果却，不料”，hurried和find是先后发生的两个动作。