高考英语七选五答题技巧,拿满分很简单!


来源:网络综合整理
发布时间:2017-04-20 08:30:00
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内容提要:七选五是很多同学感到头疼的一道题,怎么选都选不对,甚至还有全错的时候。多年的教学经验告诉我,七选五其实是拿分题,只要掌握了正确的答题方法并经过一些训练,拿满分是完全可以的。


【题型攻略】七选五如何对号入座

特约作者:河北 郭芙

七选五题型中有5处空白,在阅读过程中,考生如果不明白文章的主旨、段落主题和作者的写作意图,就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白,自然就很难做出正确选择。一个空填错势必会影响到另外一个空的选择。另外,此题型有两个干扰选项,从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。因此掌握七选五的解题步骤和技巧对考生而言尤为重要。


解题步骤,出思路

第一步:认真阅读文章的开头部分,以明确文章的基本话题;

第二步:快速阅读全文其他重点词句,包括首尾段、每段的首尾句以及文章中带转折词的句子,以便掌握文章大意;

第三步:仔细阅读各个选项,并画出关键词;

第四步:阅读各个空的前后句,并画出关键词;

第五步:对比并匹配上述两类关键词,并按照先易后难的顺序选出答案。一旦确定一个选项,就要在该选项上做出标记,以免分散注意力;

第六步:将选项带入文章中重读,依据行文逻辑检查核对,再次确定所选答案。

细节策略,出效果

一、根据试题位置确定不同的解题策略

1.如果选项在句首:通常是段落主题句,应根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,以推断出主题句。

【典型示例】2016届临沂质检__40__. Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a  teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health  concern you feel you can't talk to your parents about, see a doctor. A health  professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate  treatment. If you're dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems,  talk to an adult you trust.

【线索分析】 本段中出现的Talk to a teacher, talk to your parents, see a doctortalk to an adult均表示向他人求助;另外还可根据结构一致法得出答案,因为前几条建议均为祈使句,因此所选答案也应为祈使句。综合这两点只有选项AAsk for help if you are stressed符合要求,如果感到焦虑你就要寻求帮助,这是本段的主题句。

2.如果选项在段尾:这种情况下通常是结论性、概括性的语句,考生应注意在选项中查找表示结论、总结意义的关键词,如therefore, as a  result, thus, in short等。

【典型示例】2015北京卷Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your  mind has moved slowly away.   __75__

【线索分析】 文章主要讲述了白日做梦有助于创造性思维的开发,空处出现在段尾,很可能是一句总结性的句子。结合上句话好的想法随时会出现可知,带个本子随时记显得尤为重要,因此答案为GTherefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder  nearby when you're in the daydream zone.,逻辑词Therefore是解题的关键所在。

3.如果选项在段中:考生需要瞻前顾后,注意内容的连贯性以及前后文的线索。

【典型示例】 Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mood. Ever  heard of a runners  high Physical  activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in  sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps!    __38__     As for food, make sure you're feeding your  mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

【线索分析】 该段主要讲述健康的生活方式能使你的心情愉快,空前的内容提到各种体育锻炼方式,比如骑车、跳舞,后面紧接着说任何一种活动都能起作用。根据内容连贯性可推知,答案为BEven a short walk can be beneficial.,表示短时间的散步也是有好处的。

二、从词汇线索上寻找信息点

1.词汇复现的线索:主要指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现和反义词复现。

【典型示例】2015新课标全国卷__38__  Having  confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see  what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing.

【线索分析】 空后面的confidence和选项ALearn to really trust yourself.中的trust yourself表达的意思相同,结合空后面的一句话的意思可得出选项A为正确答案。

2.同范畴词的线索:指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,以期达到语意衔接的目的。考生在做题时可以在选项中找到与此词汇属于同范畴的词,从而达到快而准的做题目的。

【典型示例】 Talk to a trusted adultsuch as a parent or other relatives. __38__ They might have  had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved  pet.

【线索分析】 空前的parent relatives和选项FAnd don't forget about your friends.中的friends属于同范畴的词,因此考生不难得出答案。

3.代词的线索:七选五试题中代词出现的频率极高,考生要特别注意代词的指代关系,确定句子的主体对象,从而选出答案。

【典型示例】2015新课标全国卷When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few  days to doublecheck the fit.   __37__.  As always, you  should stretch 伸展 at least ten minutes  before each run to prevent injuries.

【线索分析】 选项EIf they still feel good, you can begin running in them中的代词they指代空前面一句话中的shoes,因此E选项正确。

4.数字的线索:考生要注意数词和表示时间、年代的词等。

【典型示例】2015新课标全国卷During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five  minutes longer each day.   __38__ it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week,  set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.

【线索分析】 根据空前面的the first week和空后面的during the next week并结合空前后句的语境可知,本空正确答案为A After six days

三、从逻辑意义上寻找信息点

1.根据并列或递进关系寻找答案。在看到表示并列或递进关系的衔接词时,一般表示选项前后句子的意思具有同指性。表示并列与递进关系的词有and, as well as,  besides, in addition, or, also, what is more等。

【典型示例】2016届安徽六校联考If you move slightly closer to them, do they move slightly further  away? That means they don't want your interaction to be any more personal than  it already is.   __38__  And if they respond by getting even closer to  you, they probably really like you or are very comfortable around/by  you.

【线索分析】 认真分析不难看出空处与其后And连接的一句话为并列关系,因此无论从句子结构上还是从逻辑意义上可推断出选项AIf they don't move further away, then they are  receptive.正确。

2.根据转折或对立关系寻找答案。在看到表示转折或对立关系的衔接词时,说明选项前后句子的句意对立或褒贬对立或肯否对立。表示转折或对立关系的词有although, though, yet,  however, in spite of等。

【典型示例】 It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea  only to lose it later because you didn't write it down?    __37__ But then I developed the  habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If  I'm away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I  bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my  computer.

【线索分析】 空后面的But是解题的突破口,说的是然而我后来养成了有想法尽快写下来的习惯,结合空前面的问句你是否曾经历过想到办法但又忘了,仅仅是因为自己没有把它记下来?可得出,空处的答案为AI often experienced that myself.

3.根据因果关系寻找答案。在看到表示因果关系的衔接词时,说明选项前后有表述某一观点的句子。表示因果关系的词有so, therefore, as a  result等。

【典型示例】2016届河南洛阳期中联考__40__  So, work like  you don't need money, love like you've never been hurt, and dance like no one's  watching.

【线索分析】 空后面出现了表示因果关系的So,由此可推断出空处句子应为表述观点类的句子,结合空后面的要努力工作过程而不要考虑收入目的,要爱别人过程而不要考虑曾经受到的伤害结果,要纵情跳舞过程而不要在乎别人是否观看目的可知,答案为FHappiness is a journey, not a destination.,表示幸福是一场旅行,是一个过程,而不是目的。


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