有关社会变迁的阅读练习

    social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
  Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more
readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposite; in the simple elements rather than in the
complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are accept
able to the culture rather than in strange elements.
  Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with violent changes. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
31.The following factors tend to promote social change except ____.
 A) different kinds of people 
   B) different points of view
 C) different interests 
   D) different conditions
32.The expression “greater tolerance”(Line 8,Para.1) refers to “____”.
 A) more respect for different beliefs and behaviors
 B) quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
 C) greater willingness to accept social change
 D) greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
33. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE within a society?
 A) Social change is less likely to occur in technology than in values.
 B) What people learned in their early times tends to change quickly.
 C) The basic and emotional aspects of society tend to slow down social change.
 D) Strange elements are likely to quicken social change.
34. Social change is easier if it takes place ____.
 A) step by step
 B) among Black Americans
 C) between Black Americans and their white counterparts
 D) between Black Americans and other Americans minorities
35.The passage mainly discusses ____.
 A) the necessity of social change.
 B) certain factors that determine the ease with which social change occurs.
 C) the way to slow down social change.
 D) how to promote social change.