11、before 句型：

    (1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……

    例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me．

    我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸

    (2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……

    例：It will be 4 years before he graduates. 他还有四年时间变毕业了。

    (3) had done some time  before   （才……）

    例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

    我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。

    (4)  had not done --- before ---   不到……就……

    例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

    我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。

    (5) It was not +一段时间+ before  不多久就……

    例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.

    还没到两年他们离开了那国家。

    12、强调句型：

    (1) It is ／was ＋被强调部分＋that（who）．．．

    例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday．

    是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。

    (2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...

    例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?

    在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗？

    (3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...

    例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?

    明天你究竟怎样去看望她？

    (4) do +谓语动词   （强调谓语）

    例：They do know the place well. 他们的确很熟悉那个地方。

    13、用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型：

    (1) should like to/ would like to/ would love to have done sth.

    例：You should like to have written to your mother.

    你本应当给你母亲写信。

    (2) was / were going to do sth.（用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么）

    例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.

    Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。

    (3) was / were going to have done sth. 表示未完成原来的计划和安排

    例：Lily was going to have cleaned her bedroom, but she had no time.

    Lily 原打算清理她的卧室，但她没时间。

    (4) expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think,

    want, wish ．．．

    常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式；

    或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式表示过去未曾实现的愿望

    例：She had supposed him to be very rich.  她原以为他很有钱。

    (5) wish that …had done sth.表示过去未曾实现的愿望．

    例：I wish he had been here yesterday. 要是他昨天在这儿就好了。

    (6) 情态动词should ,would, could, might, ought to等后接不定式的完成时，

    表示过去本该做，打算做，想做而未做的事情．

    should have done =ought to have done  本应该做而没做

    would have done = 本来就会去做某事而没做

    could have done = 本可以做某事而没做

    might have done  本可以做而没做

    例：They ought to have apologized.   他们本该道歉的。

    14、倍数句型：

    (1)倍数＋比较级＋than．．．，

    例：The room is twice larger than that one．这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。

    There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark.

    (2)倍数＋as＋原级＋as．．．，

    例：The room is three times as large as that one．

    这个房间是那个房间的三倍。

    (3)倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight ／width of．．．

    例：The room is three times the size of that one．

    这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。

    15、 It is ------ that ---- 句型

    (1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句

    It is a fact/an honour ---  that  +陈述语气从句

    例：It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun.

    地球围绕太阳转是事实。

    It is a pity/shame/no wonder that  + 虚拟语气从句

    例：It is a pity that he should not come. 他若不来可真是遗憾。

    (2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句

    It is natural/important/necessary/strange that + 虚拟语气从句

    例：It is important that enough money be collected to fund the project.

    重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。

    It is obvious/apparent/clear that  + 陈述语气从句

    例：It is clear that she doesn't like the dress at all.

    这很清楚她一点儿也不喜欢这条裙子。

    (3) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句

    It is generally/commonly believed /accepted/thought/held  that ...

    +陈述语气从句

    例：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

    全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

    It is suggested/ordered/desired/requested/decided that +虚拟语气从句

    例句：It is suggested that we should hold a meeting next week.

    建议我们下周开上会。

    16、It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句

    (1) It seems that

    例：It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.

    看来Alice根本就不准备来参加聚会了。

    (2) It happened that...……很偶然.

    例：It happened that I won the football lottery last week.

    我上星期偶然中了足彩

    (3) It occurred to sb that...

    例句：It suddenly occurred to me that  I knew how to solve that problem.

    我突然想起我知道怎样解决那个问题.

    (4) It appears that....

    例： It appears that Tom might change his mind.   看来汤姆会改变主意。

    17、比较句型：

    (1)原级比较：

    例：English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.

    英语不是和像俄语一样难的科目。

    Their bones are not as thick as adults’.

    他们的骨头和成年人的不一样厚。

    (2)一方超过另一方：

    例：The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year.

    今年的气候比上一年的气候要热得多。

    (3)一方不如另一方：

    例：The restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before.

    修复工作是如此的糟，以致于它使得一些建筑没有以前安全了。

    (4) The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

    The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~

    （愈...愈...）

    例：The harder you work, the more progress you make.

    你愈努力，你愈进步。

    The more books we read, the more learned we become.

    我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。

    (5) more…. than…与其说…倒不如说

    例：Smith is more diligent than intelligent.

    与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋。

    (6) no +形容词比较级+ than = as +形容词的反义词+  as

    例：I am no better at English than you. 我的英语不比你好。

    (7) that 在前后比较中代替不可数名词和特指的单数可数名词

    例：The traditional picture of St Nicholas is quite different from that

    of Father Christmas.

    (8) one 在前后比较中代替泛指的单数可数名词。

    例：I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Nanjing, because I want to live near

    my Mom's. 与南京相比我更喜欢在北京有一套公寓，因为我想跟我妈妈住一起。

    (9) those 在前后比较中代替 特指的复数可数名词。

    例：Salaries are higher here than those in my country.

    这儿的工资比我们国家的高。

    (10) ones 在前后比较中代替泛指的复数可数名词

    例：Cars do cause us some health problems --- in fact far more serious ones

    than mobile phones do.汽车确实给我们的身体健康带来问题，事实上比手机造成的问题更严重。

    18、感叹句型：

    (1) What a + Adj + N + S + V!

    例：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

    信守我们的诺言是多么的重要啊！

    (2) How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）

    例：How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

    遵守诺言是多么重要的事！

    (3) How + S + V!

    例句：How I want to go to Beijing. 我多么想去北京啊！

    19、表法猜测的句型：

    (1) must have done sth 一定做过某事    否定形式：can't have done

    例：She must have come here last night. 她一定是昨晚来的。

    She can't have gone there  她不可能到那儿去。

    (2) may have done sth  可能做过某事     否定形式：may not have done

    例：Philip may have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

    Philip 可能在这次车祸中伤得很严重。

    (3) might have done sth 或许做过某事 否定形式: might not have done

    例：She might have known what the bottle contained.

    她或许知道这个瓶子里装的是什么。

    (4) should have done sth 估计已经做了某事

    否定形式：should not have done

    例：She should have arrived in her office by now.

    她此刻估计已经到达办公室了。

    20、动词不定式常用句型：

    (1) It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth.

    某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事.

    例句：It took me years of hard work to speak good English.

    为了讲一口流利的英语,我花了多年时间刻苦操练.

    (2) It is + adj +for/of sb to do sth

    例：Lincoln said that it was not right for the South to break away from the

    Union.  林肯说南方脱离联邦是不对的。

    It was careless of Tom to break the cup.

    (3) Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择.

    例句：We had no choice but to take a taxi for we'd missed the last bus.

    由于错过了最后一班公共汽车,除了乘坐的士,我们别无选择.

    (4) It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.

    例：lt's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most

    important thing in life.

    上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的.

    (5) ．．．．形容词／副词＋enough to do sth．

    例：I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa.．

    (6) It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）

    例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。

    (7) It cost sb some time/money to do sth

    例：It must cost a good deal to live here.住这儿一定会花很多钱的。

    (8) do all he could to do sth

    do what he could to do sth

    do everything he could to do sth

    例：They were doing everything they could to help the fatherland.

    他们在尽最大努力去帮助祖国。

    (9) It is hard to imagine/ say …   很难想象/说……

    例：It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each

    day.  很难想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作20小时的。

    It's hard to say whether the plan is practical.

    这个计划是否实际很难说。