2018届广东一模英语试题及答案

C

Being mistreated at work can make people take out their negative emotions on loved ones at home. But a new study suggests that getting more exercise and sleep may help people better cope with them by leaving them at work, where they belong.

Previous research shows that employees who are looked down on or insulted by colleagues are likely to express their frustrations and behave angrily toward people outside of work, says study co-author Shannon Taylor, a management professor at the University of Central Florida's College of Business.

The new study backs up this idea, but offers a bit of good news as well: Employees who averaged more than 10, 500 steps a day or burned at least 2, 100 calories were less likely to mistreat their cohabitants than those who averaged fewer steps or burned fewer calories.

The findings also revealed that when employees felt they had a bad night's sleep because of work issues, they were more likely to be grouchy at home. "When you're tired, you are either less able or less motivated to regulate yourself." says co-author Larissa Barber, a professor of psychology at Northern Illinois University.

Physical activity seems to counterbalance poor sleep, Barber says, because it promotes healthy brain functions needed to properly regulate emotions and behaviors. "This study suggests that high amounts of exercise can be at least one way to improve the situations brought by sleep troubles that lead to negative behaviors at home, "she says.

Barber acknowledges that finding time to work out and get a full night’s sleep can be difficult when work pressure is mounting, and that often, job stress can be directly related to sleep quality. But, she says, making the effort to burn some extra calories and blow off some steam can be worth it. It's not only good for you, says Taylor, but it can benefit the people live with.

28. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Loved people at home

B Negative emotions.

C. Different work pressures.

D More exercise and sleep

29. Who will most probably behave angrily to family members?

A. A person who is easy to get tired.

B. A person who often goes to the gym to work out

C. A person who is always treated badly by coworkers.

D A person who often argues with colleagues

30. The underlined word "counterbalance" in Paragraph 5 is doesn’t in meaning to___

A. make use of

B. take control of

C. keep up with

D make up for

31. What can we learn from the text?

A. Work pressure makes no difference in sleep quality.

B. How to burn more calories has become a major issue for workers.

C Enough exercise can replace good sleep in dealing with negative behaviors.

D. The amount of calories employees burn affects the frequency of losing temper.

D

Google, one of the world's outstanding tech companies, was attacked. It wasn’t its search engine that was attacked or its advertising platform or even its social network, Google+. Instead, it was a building.

Two web security experts hacked (侵入) into its Wharf 7 office in Sydney, Australia through Googles building management system (BMS). One of them, Billy Rios, says, My colleague and I have a lot of experience in web security, but it is not something that people couldn't learn. Once you understand how the system works，it is very simple.”

They found the system on Shodan, a search engine that lists devices connected to the Internet, and then ran it through their own software to identify who owned the building. In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had no immoral purpose and just informed Google about what they found.

According to Mr. Rios, who runs security company Whitescope, there are 50,000 buildings currently connected to the Internet, including research institutes, churches and hospitals, and 2, 000 of those are online with no password protection. Martyn Thomas, a professor of IT at Gresham College in the UK, says, "It is beyond doubt that attempts to attack building management systems are happening all the time.”

Making a building smart generally means connecting the systems that control heating, lighting and security to the Internet and the wider corporate network. There was a strong reason for doing this, said Andrew Kelly, principal security consultant at defence company Qinetiq.

Energy savings are the biggest factor in connecting building management systems to the corporate network, he says. "It gives those who run the building better control and offers between 20% to 50% in energy savings, "he adds.

But it also makes them less secure. And if any of these feels like a Hollywood film, think again.

32. How did Billy Rios and his colleague hack Googles building?

A. They invented a search engine and connected it to Googles building.

B. They worked for Google and mastered how the building worked.

C. They used Google's BMS to find out the owner of the building.

D. They connected their own software to the building to run Google.

33. In the case of the Google hacking, the researchers had the intention of

A analyzing some immoral problems    B. explaining the reasons for energy savings

C. entering Google's building to save more energy

D. telling Google about the Wharf 7 office's hidden danger

34. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A. There are many researchers contributing a lot to web security

B. The building management systems of some buildings are in danger.

C. The attack on building management systems happens all over the world.

D. There are too many buildings connected to the Internet to be managed well

35. What is the author’s attitude towards the way of the energy savings of some buildings?

A. Negative.

B Ambiguous

C. Indifferent

D Favorable.