have sth to do还是have sth to be done

I have a lot of homework to do. --->我有很多作业要做。

--->have最基本的意思：“有”

换一种说法：I will have my homework done. --->我要让作业被完成。

--->have在这里称作“使役动词”即“使，让”的意思

have sth done/ have sb（sth） do/ have sb（sth） doing 三个结构中have都是使役动词。

have sth done中sth 与其后动词构成被动关系，让...被做

I'll have these letters typed. 我需要有人打印一下这些信件（被别人）

She is having her eyes tested. 她正在让人给眼睛验光。

have sth/sb doing中sth 与其后动词是主动关系，并保持做某事的状态，让...一直做...

He had had me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。

Don't have the horse running all the time. 不要让马儿跑个不停。

have sb do sth ＝make/let sb do 即让某人做...

I won't have him cheat me . 我不会让他欺骗我。

EXAMPLES：

1）They decided to have the old house rebuilt.

2）have sth done 这个结构还常表示“遭到某种（不幸的）情况。”

He had his leg hurt in the accident.Tom had his hands burned.

Un fortunately I had my purse stolen in the street.

3）have sth done 这个结构有时还可以表示“玩成某事”的意思，此时的have表示完成。

I won't have anything said against him.我不允许任何人说反对他的话。

备注：have+名词+done中地have 往往可以用get替换，意义不变。

I can get the car started.He got his wrist broken.

〔精练〕用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1．A computer does only what thinking people have it ＿＿＿＿（do）．

2．Who did you have＿＿＿＿（paint） the wall yesterday？

3．I'm sorry I can't help you because I have a lot of letters＿＿＿＿＿（answer）．

4． The villagers are going to have a new bridge ＿＿＿＿＿（build）over the river．

5．Who had the candle＿＿＿＿＿＿（burn） throughout the whole night？

6． What have they had＿＿＿＿＿＿（do） to stop the pollution from the chemical works？

7.  Who had the teacher had _________ （clean） the blackboard?

KEYS:

1.do    2. painted    3. to answer    4.built    5.burning    6.done     7.clean