“立竿见影”提高短文改错能力

来源：核心素养报
发布时间：2017-12-09 22:21:00
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内容提要：2017年的高考落下帷幕后，我们在仔细审读全国卷Ⅰ英语试题的基础上，拟就短期内如何“立竿见影”提高短文改错能力谈谈看法，以期快速提高考生短文改错的分数。

2017年的高考落下帷幕后，我们在仔细审读全国卷Ⅰ英语试题的基础上，拟就短期内如何“立竿见影”提高短文改错能力谈谈看法，以期快速提高考生短文改错的分数。

  一、分析现状
  短文改错是整套高考英语试题中最简单的题型，一般涉及到的高中知识点就只有定语从句或者非限制定语从句，其余都是初中的语法知识，但是最简单的题型在湖南省英语高考中得分却最低，一般情况下为3.3分左右，可以用一句话概况学生短文改错的情况：会而不对。

  二、解决问题
  针对这种情况，我们尝试了一种“立竿见影”提高短文改错的方法，可以快速提高学生改错水平，对只能够改对1－2分的学生能瞬间提高到5－6分。什么方法这么奇特？这就是“1818”改错秘诀。“1818”中的181指的是加1个词，改8个词，减1个词；“1818”中8指个高频考点：1）book, books; 2）do, did, does; 3）slow, slowly; 4）me, you, mine; 5）a, an, the; 6）doing, done, to do; 7）and, but, so, yet; 8）which, that, what, where。

  三、真题检验
  1.（2017年全国卷Ⅰ）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

  答案如下：
1）eighteen →eighteenth
2）first前加the/my
3）so →but/yet
4）goes →went
5）word →words
6）Turning →Turn
7）去掉much
8）late →later
9）suddenly →sudden
10）on →of

  检验结果：涉及了“1818”中的6个考点。

  2.（2016年全国卷Ⅰ）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

  答案如下：
1）that →where
2）but去掉
3）had →have
4）honest→ honesty
5）or→and
6）using →used
7）becoming前加of
8）the →a
9）our→ his
10）steady→steadily

  检验结果：涉及了“1818”中的8个考点。

  四、操作原则
  第一步：一边阅读短文改错文章，一边用铅笔在试卷上做改错练习。

  第二步：仔细做完改错练习，可能不能够一次性改到10个错误，或者改到10个错误，这时候对照“1818”原则，看你的答案中是否涉及到这个原则。

  第三步：对照中，发现有两个点重复，比如你的答案中有两个涉及了slow，slowly词性变化，那么这里面就有一个会是错误的。

  第四步：反复论证，最后定稿，把答案写在答题卡上。可以肯定，基础好的学生接近满分，基础差的学生能有效突破5分。

   平时练习种多实践“1818”原则，熟能生巧，相信改错对你来说只是小菜一碟。

  结束语：学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。相信同学们通过学习此篇文章，思考之下，你就不会迷茫；实践之下，你就会豁然开朗，英语分数一定会步步高！

（文：来源于《核心素养报》）
作者：湖南省洪江市黔阳一中段维成
责编：袁明静
美编：向青砖程洁
审核：陈兰