2016年高考全国卷命题热点和原创猜题

第3题：

{猜想试题}In a society such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize all possible basic knowledge. Instead, they work individually and find answers by themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asia societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the orient reflects society's belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.

There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education. For example, one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about maths, physics, biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.

The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven't memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.

1. The writer's purpose of writing this passage is________.

A. to share his idea with others in a new way

B. to introduce two different systems of education through contrast

C. to criticize the society that values memorization

D. to prepare students for society

2. Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The system of education in the West is more creative than that in the East.

B. Japanese students learn much more about science than American students.

C. Canadian students are more individual than Korean students.

D. Students in North America are not as friendly as those in Asia.

3. From the facts, we can infer that________.

A. Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students

B. Chinese students are more hard­working in their studies than Mexican students

C. the Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system

D. the Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Advantages and disadvantages of educational system

B. The value of individualism

C. Educational system—an obvious difference between the East and the West

D. Memorization—an important learning method

【文章大意】 本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处。在西方，人们强调高度尊重个人和人与人之间的差异，教师极其重视每个学生的不同特性。而在东方，由于相同的语言、历史和文化，其教育系统强调集体主义和团结协作精神，上课时教师讲，学生听，讨论并不多。文章最后谈到了两种教育体系的优缺点。

1.B　主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处，以及各自的优势和劣势。故选B项。

2.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.”可知，西方教学体系更注重培养学生的创造力，因此A项正确;根据倒数第二段中“For example，one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about maths，physics，biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school.”可知，日本学生在高中后一时期比美国学生学习更多的自然科学，因此B正确;同A项一样，加拿大属于西方教学体制，西方教学体系更强调个人，因此比韩国学生更有个性，故C正确;D项中是否友好在文中并未体现，因此D错误。综上可知答案为D项。

3.A　推理判断题。阅读前两段可知，在西方教育体制下的孩子更倾向于自己独立思考，遵循自己的意见，而在东方教育之下，上课时教师讲，学生听，讨论并不多，孩子们更倾向于团队合作。故选A项。

4.C　主旨大意题。阅读全文可知本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处，故选C项。

{猜题分析}

关于教育和西方文化的题材一直都是高考的热点话题，考生需要高度重视。这类型的材料设题经常会考察学生对于不同的外国文化和教育的理解。考生需要有着理性的态度和客观的思维去阅读和审视这样的材料。

第4题：

{猜想试题}第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

High school can be quite the stressful time for any student. There are numerous stresses to deal with and the pressure can be more intense as you enter your senior year.   36   The answer is as follows.

37   Adjust your approach to your specific situation. For instance, if you’re active in your community and your school and have a large family, you may feel depressed by having all these people involved in your life on a daily basis.  38   You just may need a moment to be alone and collect your thoughts before moving on to the challenges that face you.

39   If your stress persists and you can’t figure out a way to handle it, you may want to try speaking to your school counselor（顾问）. If you don’t feel comfortable speaking to your counselor, try getting some other types of counseling.

Realize your limits, and plan around them. Don’t take on more than you can handle. If you take on too many things, you will be spread too thin and won’t be able to perform at your best in anything.  40   You will definitely feel more at ease!

A．Seek professional counseling.

B．Why does the stress come into being?

C．Try thinking of alternative ways to deal with stress.

D．When you feel relieved, you can have a happier life.

E．Taking some time out to be alone may be the best way to handle such stress.

F．But how on earth can you reduce some of the stress?

G．Evaluate what tasks and activities are most important and leave others behind.

【知识点】信息匹配

【试题解析】本文介绍了减轻压力的一些措施。

1．考查上下文的理解判断能力。前句提到进入高年级压力会加大，且根据后句后意：答案如下，可知F项正确。但是你究竟怎样才能减少压力呢？

2．考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句提到要根据具体情况调整方法，故可知解决压力时要有备用的方法。

3．考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句提到你需要有个时候独处，故可得知E项正确。

4．考查上下文的理解判断能力。根据后句you may want to try speaking to your school counselor（顾问）可知本段主要是建议寻求专家的建议。故选A。

5．考查上下文的理解判断能力。后句句意：你一定会感到轻松。故可推知G项正确。G项意为：评估什么任务和活动最重要，把其它的舍弃。

【答案】36-40 FCEAG

{猜题分析}

本文体现了全国卷阅读话题具有时代性、人文性、实用性的特点。说明文体裁，对学生应对高考压力有现实指导意义。设题均衡，考查全面。