B1U1
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1.....it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……
It is/was the first time(that)...这是一个固定句式,it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等,以表达不同的意义。
①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.
这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。
②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。
③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.
那将是我第二次获得该奖。
提示:(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时;It was the first time that...后接过去完成时;It will be the first time that...后接现在完成时。
(2)the first time可起从属连词作用,引导时间状语从句。
The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
我第一次见到她时,心脏都停止了跳动。
(3)for the first time意为“第一次”,单独用做状语。
He was cheated for the first time.
他第一次被骗了。
[即境活用3] —Have you ever been here before?
—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.
A.comes B.have been C.came D.had come
解析:This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。
答案:B
2....tell him/her that he/she should have studied...
……告诉他/她本该学习……
should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做;而shouldn't have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了,两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。
①You should have finished your homework yesterday.
你昨天就该做完作业。
②You shouldn't have told him about it.
你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。
拓展:其他“情态动词+have+done”结构:
(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。
(2)can't/couldn't have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。
(3)needn't have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。
(4)ought (not) to have done=should (not) have done
(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。
(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。
(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。
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