谓语非谓语考点梳理汇总与技巧点拨


来源:高中英语马老师
发布时间:2022-07-22 20:04:00
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内容提要:2018-2022年高考英语全国卷1语法填空中对谓语动词和非谓语动词(动词不定式,动词-ing形式,动词-ed形式)的考查进行了梳理和汇总。

2018-2022年高考英语语法填空谓语非谓语考点梳理汇总与技巧点拨

在高考英语语法填空中,谓语动词和非谓语动词是每年必考的重要考点,最近我对2018-2022年高考英语全国卷1语法填空中对谓语动词和非谓语动词(动词不定式,动词-ing形式,动词-ed形式)的考查进行了梳理和汇总。

2022年:考查谓语动词2个(be动词一般现在时1个,一般现在时被动语态1个),非谓语动词2个(现在分词-ing作状语 1个,不定式to do作目的状语 1个)

2021年:考查谓语动词1(be动词过去时1个),非谓语动词2个(过去分词作宾语补足语1个,现在分词作定语1个)

2020年:考查谓语动词3个(过去时主动语态1个,一般现在时主动语态1个,一般现在时被动语态1个),非谓语动词1个(不定式to do作目的状语 1个)

2019年:考查谓语动词2个(现在完成时主动语态1个,be动词一般现在时1个),非谓语动词2个(不定式主动表被动1个,介词后-ing形式作宾语1个)

2018年:考查谓语动词1个(be动词一般现在时1个),非谓语动词2个(不定式to do作目的状语 1个,介词后-ing形式作宾语1个)

5年考查情况汇总:

谓语动词和非谓语动词的考查每年在3--4个;谓语动词中考查时态有:一般现在时,一般过去时,现在完成时,其中主动语态多于被动语态,be动词考查3次。

非谓语动词考查:不定式作目的状语3次,介词后-ing形式作宾语2次(近5年高考均考查非谓语动词的基本形式,没有时态语态变化)

技巧点拨:

1.在考查谓语动词或非谓语动词时,所给提示词多半为动词,所以在看到动词提示词时可以首先考虑此处是否考查谓语动词或非谓语动词。

2.要搞清楚是考查谓语动词还是非谓语动词,必须弄懂句意,并分析句式结构。首先找到句子的主干,再分析其它成分,看句子是否缺少谓语动词,如果不缺谓语动词,那么再考虑非谓语动词。

3.如果确定考查谓语动词,需要考虑3个方面:时态,语态,主谓一致。

时态:首先看句中有无可提供参考的时间状语,如果没有时间状语,参考上下文中的时态来判断空格处的时态。

与过去时连用的时间状语为具体的过去时间,比如last week, three months ago, in 1980, then等。

与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:

so far/ up to now/ till now (到目前为止),for+段时间,since自从…以来, over+段时间(如over years), in/over/during the past/ last +段时间(在过去的多长时间里) ,recently, lately(最近), in recent years(在最近几年)(表示"最近"的这几个词汇和短语有时也与过去时连用。)

语态:考虑空格处动词与主语之间的关系,是主动关系,用主动语态,是被动关系,用被动语态。

主谓一致:看主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词需与主语在数上保持一致。

4.如果确定句中不缺谓语动词,考虑此处用非谓语动词的哪种形式:动词不定式,动词-ing形式,动词-ed形式。

就非谓语动词本身来说是一个相当复杂的语法项目,但就最近几年的高考全国卷1来看,都是考查的非谓语动词的基本用法。

掌握非谓语动词的几个大方向,可以解决语法填空的大部分问题。

不定式表具体事件,表将来;现在分词-ing表动作进行,表主动;过去动词-ed表动作完成,表被动,表状态。

表目的用不定式;介词之后的宾语用-ing形式。

尽可能多的掌握动词的固定搭配,能解决非谓语动词考查的很多问题。

2018--2022高考英语全国卷1语法填空谓语动词非谓语动词考点汇总:

1. _______(cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.2022新高考全国卷1

2.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority______ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.(2022新高考全国卷1)

3.The GPNP ______(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.2022新高考全国卷1

4. But thats how nature is--always leaving us______ (astonish).2021新高考全国卷1

5.You cant help wondering how hard it ______(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.2021新高考全国卷1

6.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______(ache) legs.2021新高考全国卷1

7.The unmanned Change-4 probe--the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess--______ (touch) down last week.2020新高考全国卷1

8. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 ______(find) and study areas of the South Pole--Aitken basins. This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,  because it______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon (conduct).2020新高考全国卷1

9.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive______ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ______(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(采集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion that populations are higher than they actually are. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2019高考全国卷1

10.You dont have to run fast or for long______ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______(die) early by running.2018高考全国卷1

11.While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it______ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking.2018高考全国卷1

参考答案:


1.Covering 2.is; to increase 3. is designed 4.astonished 5.was 6.aching 7.touched 8. to find; means; is conducted 9.to perform ; have reported; noting; are 10. to see; dying 11.is




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