阅读猜测题解题要领
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发布时间:2018-01-18 09:38:00
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阅读猜测题解题要领
广东省韶关市曲仁中学 黄国华
在阅读中我们会遇到许多生词,这时许多同学立即翻阅词典,查找词义。这样做不但费时费力,而且影响阅读速度、影响对语篇的整体把握。事实上,阅读材料中的每一个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。我们可以利用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。近年来,全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜测词义的考查。因此,掌握一定的猜词要领技巧,对突破高考阅读理解、提高我们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
1、常见命题形式
1. What does the word“___” in the last paragraph refer to?
2. Which of the following a best replace phrase “___” in paragraph…?
3.The underlined word “____” in paragraph … means ___.
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word” ___” in paragraph ….
5. What does the underlined word “___”in paragraph … refer to?
6. The underlined word” __”in paragraph …refers to___
2、做题要领
1. 文中找线索或信息词;
2. 根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测;
3. 根据同位关系进行猜测。
4. 根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等进行)猜测;
5. 根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。
3、典型例题
[例1](2015新课标I卷C·31)
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Muse National Eina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institution like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Gettysburg, Florida.
△ What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Artworks
B. Project
C. Donations
D. Documents
[例2](2015新课标II卷A·22)
...The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunate, I didn’t get any channels showing all -night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
△ Which of the following a best replace phrase “signed off” in paragraph 1?
A. ended all their programmed
B. provided fewer channels
C. changed to commercials
D. showed all -night movies
[例3](2015新课标III卷B·44)
“My grandmothers didn’t do anything but keep house and serve everybody.
They were programmed to do that.” said Emily Cornerstone, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.
△The underlined word “chapter” in paragraph 2 means _____.
A. one branch of an organization
B. a written agreement of a club
C. one part of a collection of poems
D. a period in a society’s history
[例4](2016新课标I卷C·29)
I am Peter Hordes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012,I’ve done 89 trips of those,1 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.
△Which of the following can replace the underlined word ”courier” in paragraph 1?
A. provide
B. delivery man
C. collector
D. medical doctor
[例5](2016新课标II卷C·30)
Member go on the side and register the books they own and would like to share. Book Crossing provides an identification on number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
△What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The book
B. An adventure
C. A public place
D. The identification number
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