高考英语阅读策略：推理引申题

[策略聚焦]

在解答推理引申类题目时不仅要弄懂字面意思，更要知道其潜在含义。

干扰项的特点如下：①只是原文的简单复述, 而非推断出来的结论；②看似从原文推断出的结论, 然而却与原文不符；③根据已有的常识是正确的, 但却不是

一般来讲，推理题有如下几个类型：①根据词义关系推断具体细节。做此类题只要进行简单的推断就可得出结论。②根据文章的描写推断人物的特征。解题时要特别注意人物语言、行为和心理活动的描写。③根据文章的论述推断作者的态度。解这类题要特别留意文中带有感情色彩的词。④根据已有的材料推断后面的内容。做这类题时要把握作者的写作思路来预测下文内容，可按照事件发展的经过，按因果关系或对比关系来描述。

[技能实践]

Think back to your college days, the good old days when life was easy. Stay up all night partying or even studying? No problem. Eat pizza every night and plow through entire bags of potato chips nonstop. Hey, no sweat. You were a lean (苗条的), mean, and also young machine.

But ... then stuff happens. You graduate, get a job, get married, have kids, and around the age of thirty-five you’re no longer so young and so lean. In fact, you’ve added a few pounds around the middle. And with each passing year you seem to put on another pound or two. By the time you’ve hit your mid-forties you may find yourself looking into the mirror and wondering, “What happened to the slim, young Adonis (希腊神话中的美少年)?”

How did this happen? Around the age of thirty-five or so your metabolism (新陈代谢) may start to slow down. Plus, you are likely to lose muscle mass （肌肉质量）, which slows your metabolism even more. The slower your metabolism, the slower the rate at which your body burns calories. So even if you’re eating less than you used to, you’ll start gaining weight.

But that you’re not a spring chicken （年轻人） anymore doesn’t mean that you have to get fat. In fact, the antidote (矫正方法) is pretty simple: exercise and eat less. Lifting weights or otherwise regularly working your muscles will add or at least keep muscle mass, which will help keep your metabolism.

So maybe you can’t stay young forever, but you can stay slim.

1.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the young people are _____.

A. creative B. greedy

C. energetic D. humorous

2.The underlined word “stuff” (in Paragraph 2) refers to a series of things that are _____.

A. boring  B. happy 

C. curious D. unexpected

3.According to Paragraph 3, one’s gaining weight is _____.

A. common    B. impossible

C. avoidable    C. dangerous

4.Which of the following words can best describe the writer’s attitude towards keeping one’s figure?

A. Passive. B. Positive.

C. Puzzled. D. Disappointed.

[技能点拨] 

答案：1-4 CAAB。四小题均考查推理判断。第一题需要根据第一节的内容进行分析推理，整夜不睡、食量大等等这些都是精力充沛的表现，故C项energetic正确；第2题从下文毕业、找工作、结婚、生孩子，这一切都是令人心烦的事，结果不再年轻。第3题要特别注意答题的依据是第3段的内容，注意不能选C。虽然文章最后一段作者的观点非常明确，即只要锻炼加少食，就可以防止发胖，但第3段主要是介绍了人到一定年龄发胖的原理，说明发胖还是常见的（common）。第4题可以从文章的整个基调尤其是最后一句十分肯定的结论推断出作者对一个人保持体形的态度是积极的，故B为正确答案。